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Cycling
A Brief History:
Cycling is both a
sport and a noncompetitive pastime. As a test of endurance and speed,
sport cycling, is practiced particularly in Europe. As a form of exercise
and recreation, cycling is almost universal.
A racing Bicycle used
in road competitions is made of lightweight alloys and weighs no more
than 9.5 kg (21 lb). It is equipped with lightweight tubular tires, gears,
and metal-treaded pedals to hold the racer's feet in place. A sprinting
or track bicycle weighs 5-6.8 kg (11-15 lb) and is a fixed-gear (1-speed)
brakeless model; it offers savings in weight and wind resistance and 7.3-7.6
m (24-25 ft) per pedal turn.
The first bicycle
race was held at the Parc de St. Cloud, France, in 1868. Recognized world
championships were first held in 1893. As competition became more widespread,
the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) was established in 1900 to govern
all amateur and professional events, this group now represents over 110
nations. Winners are currently established in 14 categories.
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